Treatments

Treatments:

  1. Drug Therapy:
    1. Local or systemic corticosteroids
    2. Muscle relaxants
    3. Alpha-adrenergic and beta blockers
    4. Analgesics
    5. Anti-inflammatories
    6. Tricyclics and related compounds
    7. Tranquilizers
    8. Calcium channel blockers
  2. Blocks:
    1. Nerve blocks
    2. Sympathetic blockade
    3. Intravenous regional blocks
  3. Physical therapy
  4. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS)
  5. Sympathectomy:
    1. Surgical
    2. Chemical
    3. Radiofrequency
  6. Implantable devises:
    1. Dorsal column stimulator
    2. Infusion pump
    3. Peripheral nerve stimulator

Patient response to therapy directly correlates to early diagnosis and treatment. However, the overall response rate to treatment is poor with over 50% of patients having significant pain and/or disability years later.